How would you go about studying something you can’t see? Biologists could only study what their eyes could perceive until the 1600s. This allowed them to investigate the plants and animals they came across. They knew how to name different creatures and which plants did what. They might also make educated predictions as to why people were ill. Some of the guesses were out of the ordinary. Many biologists believed that breathing dirty air made people sick!
They didn’t have superman vision, though, so they couldn’t notice teeny-tiny details. They had no understanding of how plants and animals functioned. They also had no idea how people become ill. The vision of a superhero is still a myth among biologists. Microscopes, on the other hand, are a tool they have. Now biologists can view and study those teeny-tiny creatures.
Microscopes were invented by a variety of people in the early 1600s. Each person contributed to the improvement of the design. Scientists may now examine objects that are too small for typical eyes to see. Biologists used microscopes to uncover that living things are made up of cells. Cells are the tiny factories that combine to become larger living organisms such as humans.
Microscopes even assisted biologists in the creation of a new biological law. Living things can’t come from non-living things, according to the law. This put an end to the notion of living beings appearing out of nowhere. It would have been difficult to figure out how diseases spread or how some animals have babies without that law.
Understand why and how the light microscope and electron microscope are used
A cell is a living thing’s smallest unit. An organism is a living creature that is made up of one or more cells. Cells are hence the fundamental building components of all life.
Tissue is made up of multiple cells of the same type that are interconnected and execute a common function, organs are made up of several tissues, and organ systems are made up of several organs. An organism is made up of several systems that work together. We’ll look at the structure and function of cells in this section.
There are many different types of cells, which are divided into two categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Animal and plant cells, for example, are both categorized as eukaryotic cells, but bacterial cells are classified as prokaryotic cells. Biologists will employ microscopes to investigate any cell, whether it is a component of a multicellular eukaryotic animal’s nervous system or a single-celled prokaryotic life form.
Light Microscopes
A typical human red blood cell is around eight millionths of a meter in diameter, while the head of a pin is roughly two-thousandths of a meter in diameter. About 250 red blood cells might fit on the tip of a pin, according to this calculation.
Light microscopes are the most common type of student microscope. To allow the user to see the specimen, visible light flows through the lens system and is bent. Individual cells are generally transparent, so their components are not distinguishable unless they are colored with special stains. Light microscopes are useful for viewing living organisms, but because individual cells are generally transparent, their components are not distinguishable unless they are colored with special stains. However, staining generally kills the cells.
Electron Microscopes
Electron microscopes, unlike light microscopes, use a beam of electrons rather than a beam of light. This not only allows for higher magnification and, as a result, more detail, but it also improves resolving power. The process of preparing the specimen for viewing under an electron microscope kills it. Because electrons have small wavelengths and move best in a vacuum, most electron microscopes cannot see living cells.
A scanning electron microscope creates details of cell surface features by moving a beam of electrons back and forth over a cell’s surface. The electron beam with a transmission electron microscope penetrates the cell and provides information about the cell’s interior structures. Electron microscopes, as you might expect, are much larger and more expensive than light microscopes.
Importance of Portable Microscope
Inexpensive – portable microscopes, particularly electron microscopes, are far cheaper than other microscopes. This makes them perfect instruments for low-budget schools, colleges, and research enterprises.
Easy to operate – microscopes are accessible to anybody since they are simple to set up and use and may be operated by anyone with minimal training and understanding.
Non-perturbing – living cells can be observed for lengthy periods of time due to the non-destructive nature of light for observing cellular structures. As a result, these microscopes may be used to study cell dynamics effectively.
Easily transportable – these microscopes may be deployed in the field with minimal cost and effort because they are light and portable. This makes them particularly well-suited to field studies, such as the establishment of mobile laboratories in outbreak areas.
Space – because portable microscopes are often compact, they take up less space in the laboratory. Multiple microscopes can be set up where the room is limited so that research can be done in parallel as part of a larger project.
Final Say
Microscopes are a cost-effective and adaptable tool for academics, teaching, and research. They are simple to use and generally available, and they do have some advantages, particularly where cost is a factor, but they are not appropriate for a variety of research that requires high-resolution imaging of fragile cellular and atomic structures, which can be on the nanomolecular scale.
Thanks for reading!
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